Where can the tip of the lead now be located without restrictions?

The tip of the lead can be located without restrictions in the area from C1 to S2. This range includes the entire cervical spine down through the sacral region, which provides ample space for the positioning of the lead without any anatomical or physiological constraints that could limit its placement.

Specifically, the cervical spine (C1-C7) and thoracic spine (T1-T12) allow for significant flexibility and movement, and the lumbar (L1-L5) and sacral (S1-S5) regions have more defined spaces where leads can be safely positioned. In contrast to narrower regions such as L1-L2, which is more constrained due to the proximity of surrounding structures, locating a lead from C1 to S2 maximizes space and minimizes the risks of entangling with nearby nerves or spinal structures. This makes it a more advantageous area for lead placement in various medical procedures.